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Author Topic: Clear explaination of Einstiens theory of relativity?Instant 10 points!!!?  (Read 213 times)
Doom_IsHere
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« on: July 16, 2011, 07:06:29 AM »

First of all I want to tell you that I have read many books,webpages,seen many videos and have talked to a lot of people about this
But I still havent understood it properly
Please answer only if you have a very clear understating of this theory
I mean how can light be not relative?How can the speed of time be changed?How can it be different in different places?

Please explain the theory in detail
And no need to give any refferal links as I have already been to.almost all websites on this subject
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eah2119
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« Reply #1 on: July 16, 2011, 03:45:00 PM »

Explain the whole thing? I don't think anybody's willing to do that. If you've read all the books you can on the subject and you can't understand it, then you can't understand it if it's explained any other way.

I think what you're looking for is the math and the equations behind it and where it came from. You can try here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_special_relativity

I think that's as simple as it gets.
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Nova55
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« Reply #2 on: July 16, 2011, 08:56:29 PM »

Time only exists because of the fabric of space and time, without the fabric of space there would be no time, the reason it is called this is because space and time are one and the same thing, if you increase your speed of travel through space you decrease your passage of time.

Imagine your on a road heading north at 60mph, you then turn north west at the same speed, you are now going 30mph north and 30mph west, space is the same, if you move faster through space you move slower through time, likewise if you move more slowly through space the passage of time speeds up.

Gravity also causes this fabric to be warped out of shape, and so stretches the passage of time.

The theory of relativity is large and there is far to much to go into here, i hope this answers a couple of your questions.
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oldprof
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« Reply #3 on: July 17, 2011, 10:39:53 AM »

There are actually two theories: the special and the general.  The special assumes a non accelerating reference frame and platform, and the general makes no assumption.  So the general is just a less restrictive case of the special.  

The STOR began when AE asked, "How can W = V + C = C" where V is the speed of an observer and C is the speed of light.  W is the speed of light relative to the observer.  That W = C no matter what V was doing is what Michelson Morley uncovered with their famous experiments.  As you've read so much about the STOR you've probably heard of them; so I won't go into that.

After doing some mind experiments, AE decided that W = V + C = C could only happen if space dS and time dT adjusted to make C a fixed value no matter what.  In other words, if the speed of light is C = dS/dT in normal space and time, then it had to be C = ds/dt when space contracted to ds < dS and time slowed to dt < dT.  Or, conversely, when space expanded from ds to dS, time had to speed up from dt to dT.  It's all relative (get it); it can go either direction, but C still has to be C because the experiments showed that to be true.

Once Al figured that out, he spent the rest of his days leading up to publishing the STOR figuring out the equations that would predict by how much space contracted and by how much time slowed for any platform speed V to keep C at C no matter what.  And that how much is encapsulated in the Lorenz Transformation, L(V/C) = sqrt(1 - (V/C)^2).  [Some write it as G(V/C) = 1/L(V/C), but I see no advantage in that.]

We find L(V/C) in dT = dt/L(V/C), M = m/L(V/C), and dS = ds/L(V/C), where dT, dS, and M are normal time, space, and inertia as seen by a reference frame, like your bedroom, for V, the speed of some moving platform, like a spaceship.  We call your bedroom the reference frame because the speed of the spaceship is relative to your bedroom.  Which means dS, dT, and M are relative to your bedroom as well.

Now, on board that spaceship.  The relative speed of the crew is V = 0 as they are not moving relative to the ship.  So their normal time is dT = dt, their normal space is dS = ds, and their normal mass is M = m, where m is the rest mass of their ship before it took off.  In other words, on board that ship, everything seems, well, "normal."

But, for you, back in your bedroom, nothing is normal on that spaceship.  If it were, W = V + C wold be true and experiments have shown over and over that can't be true.  So you see that their normal space is actually ds < dS in your reference frame, and their time interval is shorter than yours, and their inertia is greater than it was back before the ship took off.  And that, sports fans, is why W = V + C = C.

By the way.  After doing a series of L(V/C) on V and C and their associated time intervals, we find that W = (V + C)/(1 + VC/C^2) is the real relative speed of light coming from that platform.  For example, let V = .25 C, the ship is going 1/4 light speed.  Then W = (.25C + C)/(1 + .25C^2/C^2) = 1.25C/1.25 = C.  Voila, the speed of light is C no matter what that space ship is doing.  QED.
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OzoneGuy
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« Reply #4 on: July 18, 2011, 09:09:07 AM »

You can infer what another observer will measure, from measurements in your own lab.  It does not matter how fast they are moving (below c), how they are accelerating (below infinite), where they are located in a gravity well (outside an event horizon), or in what epoch they will make their measurements relative to yours.
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